תאריך: ספטמבר 5, 2022 | קטגוריות: Uncategorized
What is Roundup Ready? Roundup Ready refers to a trademarked line of genetically modified crop seeds that are intolerant to Roundup. These crops are called 'Roundup Ready' crops.
Who invented Roundup?
Glyphosate, which is the active ingredient in Roundup, was first discovered to be an herbicide in the year 1970, by Monsanto chemical scientist, John Franz. The majority of herbicides employed in the agricultural industry were pre-emergent. This means that they were sprayed prior to the plant and before the plants grew. Glyphosate's capability to control large numbers of grass weeds and broadleafs was a completely different thing. Its exceptional environmental properties (soil inactivation and rapid degradation, etc.).) as well as its toxicological characteristics (extremely low levels of toxicity to mammals as well as other beneficial species) resulted in a novel product.
When was Roundup created?
Roundup (r) was introduced onto the market in 1974. It's a broad range herbicide that soon became a world leader. https://mujin-heri.jp/yakuzai/js-55.html It was initially used on railway tracks, in ditches and on the fields during the growth seasons. It allowed farmers to control grasses and broadleafweeds in the soil. This way they could decrease the necessity to till to preserve soil structure and reduce soil erosion.
The Roundup Ready GMOs were next.
Monsanto scientists, inspired by the amazing breakthroughs in Recombinant technology in the 1970s recognized the many benefits for farmers if Roundup could be directly applied to their crops to manage the weeds. The problem was initially tackled by a small group of scientists headed by Dr. Ernie Jaworski (Rob Horsch and Steve Rogers), The first systems to introduce gene into the plant were developed by this team during the first half of 1980. After that, our focus shifted towards the development of virusresistant and insect-resistant and Roundup-resistant crops.
It was recognized that glyphosate could inhibit the biochemical pathway of plants that made aromatic amino acids (animals and human beings don't have this pathway which explains Roundup's high level of mammalian safety) and also that glyphosate was broken down quickly in soil by microorganisms. In the late 1980s our scientists had discovered the genes of both microbial and plant species that increased tolerance to herbicides during laboratory tests. Then, in 1987 the USDA approved the first field test of Roundup Ready plants. It was a Roundup-resistant tomato crop made of the genetically altered tomato plant. They were also tolerant to Roundup. https://search.rakuten.co.jp/search/mall/%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%97+%E3%83%9E%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89/ In the following years, the Roundup Ready gene was identified and isolated.
Let's examine soybeans for an example by answering the questions, what is Roundup Ready soybeans? And how are Roundup Ready soybeans produced? Roundup Ready Soybeans are genetically engineered soybeans which have had their DNA modified so that they are able to resist the herbicide glyphosate that is the main ingredient in the herbicide, Roundup. These soybeans are intolerant to glyphosate since each soybean seed has the gene for Roundup Ready implanted into it prior to being planted. Farmers can use Roundup Ready gene to spray their fields without harming their crops.
You can see the fact that Roundup Ready crops were introduced in 1996 and changed agriculture and agricultural science. Roundup resistance was instantly recognized by farmers , and widespread adoption took place. Today, over 90% of U.S. soybeans and cotton use Roundup Ready crops. ラウンドアップ Roundup Ready crops not just simplified and improved weed management systems, but also reduced the cost of tillage and equipment. This resulted in easier harvests, and less weeds. One of the major environmental benefits has been the growing acceptance of conservation tillage. ラウンドアップ By the reduction of plowing, farmers have reduced energy consumption and GHG emissions while maintaining soil structure and decreasing erosion. This is equivalent to the removal of 28.4 million tonnes of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. This implies that 12.4 millions cars were removed from roads every year. ラウンドアップ (Source: and PG Economics).